YEGOR LIGACHOV

Fonte: RT82

Ligachev Egor Kuzmich years of life. Egor Ligachev called those who ruined the USSR. It is a pity that the head is spinning not from success

Egor Ligachev was born in the village of Dubinkino (now Chulym district of the Novosibirsk region), in the peasant family.

In 1937 he graduated from the Novosibirsk School No. 12. He began labor activity in 1942 in the city of Novosibirsk at the aviation plant, worked as an engineer-technologist, head of the Technical Department Group.

In 1943 graduated from MAI in the specialty "AirCreasing". In 1944 he joined the WCP (b), in 1945 he nominated for the Komsomol work, was the secretary of the district office of the Komsomol Dzerzhinsky district of Novosibirsk, the secretary, and then the first secretary of the Novosibirsk Committee of the DVKSM. In 1951, he received the second higher education in the Higher Party School under the Central Committee of the WCP (b).

In 1953-1955, he worked as the Head of Culture Management, and in 1955-1958 - Deputy Chairman of the Novosibirsk Regional Executive Committee. In 1958, he was elected first secretary of the Soviet Rayman of the CPSU Novosibirsk, and 1959 by the Secretary of the Novosibirsk Committee of the CPSU.

From 1961 to 1965, he worked in the office of the CPSU Central Committee as Deputy Head of the Propaganda Department and Agriculture of the CPSU Central Committee on the RSFSR, Deputy Head of the Party Bodies of the CPSU Central Committee on the Industry of the RSFSR and the Deputy Head of the Propaganda Department and Agation of the CPSU Central Committee on the RSFSR.

From 1965 to 1983, Ligachev was the first secretary of the Tomsk Committee of the CPSU. Ligachev was led by the Tomsk region of 17 years and on the memories of contemporaries, enjoyed authority.

Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU from 1976 to 1990 (a candidate for the members of the CPSU Central Committee in 1966-1976).

In 1983, at the suggestion of the Secretary General of the Central Committee of the CPSU, Yu. V. Andropova was appointed head of the department of the CPSU Central Committee (1983-1985). In December 1983 he was elected secretary of the CPSU Central Committee (1983-1990). Member of the Politburo CPSU Central Committee in 1985-1990.

In March 1985, M. S. Gorbachev's candidacy was supported by the Secretary General of the CPSU Central Committee. In 1985-1988, being the secretary of the CPSU Central Committee on ideology, was actually the second person in the party and the state. He was one of the initiators and conductors of restructuring until 1988. After 1988, repeatedly acted with criticism of the methods and paces of the implementation of socio-economic and political reforms in the USSR.

In 1989-1991 People's Deputy of the USSR, in 1999-2003 a deputy of the State Duma of the Third convocation (oldest) from the Tomsk region. Since 1993, Deputy Chairman - Secretary of the Council of the Union of Communist Parties - CPSU.

In May 2010, he turned to the Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian Central Committee G. A. Zyuganov with a letter in which criticized the CPRF CPrge CPRF of the Moscow State Bureau and demanded the abolition of decisions taken. At the plenum of MGC on June 25, 2010, the methods undertaken by the Presidium of the Central Committee in relation to the Moscow Organization, as well as warning from the CPRF CPRF and CCRK.

Honorary citizen of the Tomsk region.

Widower, Zinaida Ivanovna Ligacheva's wife died in 1997. Son Alexander Egorovich Ligachev - Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor of the Center for Natural Scientific Research Institute of General Physics. A. M. Prokhorov RAS.

Evaluation of activities

The authorship and active participation in the embodiment of the famous anti-alcohol campaign, begun on May 7, 1985, is attributed to Hiruy Ligacheva. Also on E. Ligacheva, they were responsible for the campaign, departed against the Pechora cooperative and his head - the organizer of the prospector arteel on the extraction of gold Vadim Tumanova.

E. Ligachev is recognized as one of the most effective regional managers in the history of Siberia (see the studies of the historian and Soviet Soviet Steve Cotkin - S. Kotkin was personally familiar with E. Ligachev (individual studies are devoted to them), organized a series of his lectures on communism theory in leading US universities in 1988-1989. and was invited to a return visit to Siberia (Tomsk) in 1989 and 1999 - the first of the foreigners who visited the "closed" Tomsk, moreover, "closeness" with Tomsk after that was removed). Over the years of his work, the head of the region was carried out somewhat important for its development of projects, such as the petrochemical plant, poultry farm, underground water intake, city trolleybus (1967), bus station, Tomsk Hotel, Bogachevo Airport (1968), Palace of Entepping and Sports ( 1970), communal bridge over Tom (1974), Drama Theater (1978).

Statements

Soviet and Russian statesman. The activity of the activity fell in the 1980s in the status of a member of the Politburo and the post of secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU. He was an active supporter of programmes of restructuring, the initiator of the sensational anti-alcohol campaign and the "dry law". For many years, Egor Kuzmich Ligachev headed the Tomsk and Novosibirsk regions in which they were born and grew.

Childhood and youth

Egor Ligachev was born on November 29, 1920 in the village of Dubinkino Cainic County of the Tomsk Province (now Chulym district of the Novosibirsk region). Ligachevs - the family of Siberian peasants, raised two sons: Senior Dmitry (1918) and younger.

Early years of children were held in Novosibirsk. Here, 16-year-old Dmitry left a volunteer to the Red Army, and Egor graduated with honors from the city secondary school number 12 in 1937. Even in high school, becoming Komsomol, began to devote himself to public work, which continued at the Institute.

In the midst of World War II, in 1943, Ligachev graduated from the Moscow Aviation Institute. Ordzhonikidze in the specialty "AirCreasing". The young graduate specialist was sent to his native Novosibirsk, where he became an engineer-technologist at the military aviation plant. .

Party activities

The party biography of Egor Ligachev begins with the moment of joining the Communist Party in 1944. A promising, educated and burning ideas of the communism of a young man immediately sent to the leadership of Komsomol work.

Egor Ligachev was appointed first by the secretary of the Dzerzhinsky district office of the VLKSM Novosibirsk, and then the secretary of the Novosibirsk Committee of the DVKSM. In this position, Ligachev stayed until 1949, during this period the youth leader inspected Komsomol construction sites, territories of immigrants. In the local press, his first interviews and photos appeared.

In 1949 (for other sources in 1951), Ligachev graduated from the Higher Party School in absentia and moved to a new responsible work - the head of the Department of the Novosibirsk Committee of the CPSU. This position stayed for a long time, went to increase. In the years thaw, from 1955 to 1958, Egor Kuzmich - Deputy Chairman of the Novosibirsk Regional Executive Committee. The head of the region of Ligachev personally leads the construction of the famous Academgorodok. With its support, the Siberian branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences is being created.

At the beginning of the 60s, Ligachev works in the CPSU Central Committee apparatus. The departments of the Secretary General found him as deputy head of the propaganda department and agitation of the CPSU Central Committee on the RSFSR. Changes in the highest echelon power Egor Kuzmich decided to use as a chance to leave the paper-cabinet work and apply their capabilities in creative practice. Ligachev asked the new leadership of the country to send him to any region of the Soviet Union, and sent an active activist to Tomsk.

17 years of Ligachev spent the first secretary of the Tomsk Committee of the CPSU. This period practically coincided with the Brezhnev era of stagnation. But in Tomsk Ligachev unfolded rapid activities. The first thing in the area was built by Bogashevo airport and bus station, tied this Siberian corner and other areas of the country. Egor Kuzmich also erected Tomsky Akademgorodok, applying the knowledge and experience gained in the construction of the Novosibirsk Science.

In the Ligachev, trolley buses, poultry farms, pig complex, greenhouses, theater and the Palace of Sports are built. But the main thing - the atomic and oil production industry began to develop in the region. Namely, the oil pipeline of Strevel-Tomsk-Anzhero Sudzhensk, the West Siberian Oil and Gas Complex was erected: the deposits were mastered in the taiga and right on the swamps. As a result, Ligachev brought the Tomsk region to the advanced. At the same time, more than once the head of the region had to be applied and "Iron" methods of manual.

Seeing such a zeal, Brezhnev more than once tried to return the Tomsk Secretary to the center, suggested even the posts of the ambassador - in France, in Cuba, in Hungary, but every time he received a categorical answer: "Leave in Siberia." For the period of management, Egor Kuzmich was awarded two outstanding award-winning the Order of the Labor Red Banner (1967) and the Order of Lenin (1970).

"Now, with a distance of time, I can say that the Tomsk period was the most interesting, most beautiful in my life," said Ligachev in one of the interviews.

From the native Siberia to the center of Ligacheva took the new Secretary General. With his filing, Egor Kuzmich was appointed head of the department of the CPSU Central Committee in 1983. At the end of the same year, the secretary of the CPSU Central Committee was elected. In this position he will last until the 1990th, up to the end of his career in the Politburo.

In 1985, Ligachev supported the candidacy for the position of the Secretary General of the CPSU Central Committee, became its faithful supporter in conducting recreation reforms and in fact the second person in the Kremlin.

During this period, Ligachev became the initiator of the famous anti-alcohol campaign in the USSR (1985-1989): Alcohol was introduced throughout the country, called the "dry law". It was rumored that the author of the anti-alcohol policy belongs to the caste of the Old Believers and it does not allow him to drink. Such conjectures were denied immediately, stating that "just categorically against drunkenness."

After 1988, clouds were thickened over Ligachev. In increasingly, his name is mentioned in connection with the braking processes of restructuring. With criticism, innovators opposing conservative methods of secretary of the Central Committee.

"On the one hand, Boris Yeltsin and Alexander Yakovlev, and on the other - Ligachev. Those innovators, and I am a conservative. I thought the basics of building must be saved. Gorbachev and his surroundings decided that the Soviet system was not subjected to reform and should be destroyed. That is what our principal discrepancies, "said Ligachev already many years later in an interview with Komsomolskaya.

But initially, it was Ligachev initiated by the transfer of Sverdlovchanin to the CC apparatus. But then I could not think that a serious confrontation between him and his Ural Protege awaits him ahead. Later, the politician will describe the events preceding the disintegration of the Union, in the book "Who betrayed the USSR?". And in relation to he spoke in the XIX part conference, uttered a wing phrase:

"Boris, you're not right!".

In July 1990, Egor Kuzmich Ligachev was released from the post of Secretary of the Central Committee and was derived from the Politburo. But, when I do not agree that the course of Gorbachev is inevitably leading a huge country to decay, the Ex-Secretary of the Central Committee was among those who wrote the appeal to the USSR President and the Supreme Council of the USSR with a proposal to convene the emergency congress of the USSR national deputies. This request was not satisfied.

Egor Ligachev speaks about Boris Yeltsin

In the post-Soviet period, Ligachev is part of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (1993-2013), actively participates in political life. In 1999 he was elected to the State Duma of the Russian Federation 3rd convocation as the oldest deputy from the Tomsk region. In 2003, being the oldest people's chosen one, opened the first meeting of the Russian Parliament. In 2010, Ligachev sharply condemned the actions of the party leadership on the dissolution of the Moscow City Group Bureau. In this regard, there was a conflict between the parties, and even the information appeared.

"On the exception of Ligachev from the series of the Communist Party."

Politician - The author of the book works "Riddang Gorbachev", "Gdlyan and others", "Russia with Siberia", etc. Awarded two orders of the Labor Red Banner (1948, 1967), the Order "Hall Sign" (1957), two orders of Lenin (1970 1980), the Order of the October Revolution (1976) and many medals.

Personal life

Personal, more precisely, the family life of Egor Ligachev at one time was the subject of discussions in party sidelines. In 1944, the young man married Zinaida Zinovieva - the daughter of the Siberian General, repressed and shot in 1937 on a false denunciation. In those years, such an act - to take the daughter of the enemy of the people in his wife - demanded a certain courage. But Ligachev did not look at anything. Subsequently, General Ivan Zinoviev was fully justified and rehabilitated.

Zinaida Ivanovna shared the political views of her husband, was a convinced communist. Being a teacher by profession, he taught in the university English. The family couple is the only son who has become a man of science. Alexander Ligachev - Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor. With his wife, Olga gave Hron Kuzmich's grandchildren. There are among the descendants of Ligachev and one great-grandfather, named after Praded Egor.

Spouse Ligacheva died in 1997. In the fall of 2013, being in the 92nd age, the politician suffered an operation on the heart.

Egor Ligachev now

Now Egor Ligachev is an honorary pensioner. How much allows health, engaged in public operation. Receives many letters, calls from like-minded people, supports relations with the leadership of Tomsk and Novosibirsk regions. He lives, according to him, at the deputy retirement and book fees and does not regret that in the youth, it was not "worked out oil towers, places and foreign accounts."

In 2018, the Tomsk Public Chamber brought the name of Yegor Ligacheva to a list of 10 candidates whose name could be called Local Bogashevo Airport. Having learned about this, Egor Kuzmich refused that his name was assigned to Tomsk air harbor and supported the candidacy of Nikolai Mitavishnikov - Soviet cosmonaut, a native of Tomsk.

Bibliography

1991 - "Gdlyan and others"

1992 - "Middle Gorbachev"

1999 - "Caution"

2005 - "Rus with Siberia"

2012 - "Boris was wrong"

2015 - "Who betrayed the USSR?"

In our country, Egor Kuzmich Ligachev is a famous man. After graduating from the Moscow Aviation Institute, he worked at the largest aircraft plant in Novosibirsk, was at the party work, the secretary of the Novosibirsk Committee. From 1965 to 1983 - the first secretary of the Tomsk Committee of the CPSU, then Yuri Andropov invited him to the Central Committee of the CPSU, where Legachev was headed by the department of organizational and party work, then the secretary of the Central Committee, a member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee. In 2000, Siberians elected his deputy of the State Duma of Russia. Honorary citizen of the Tomsk region. As Tomsk Governor, Sergey Zhvachkin, appreciated, Egor Kuzmich "Not just our former leader, but our legend. Such a development as in Ligachevsky times, the region did not know in history. "

In the process of failing perestroika, Yegor Ligachev sharply broke up with Mikhail Gorbachev, and at? The XIX All-Union party conference was publicly from the Tribunes, Boris Yeltsin said: "No, Boris, you are not right."

HIRU Kuzmich is 94 years old, but he gladly agreed to answer the questions of journalists of the Tomsk News, as living a well-known political leader outside of politics.

It is a pity that the head is spinning not from success

- How do you feel, Egor Kuzmich?

- In accordance with age. The well-being is generally normal. Except that the headaches are bothering, the weather affects. I have already asked such a question at the meeting of the Tomsk Earthhood in Moscow, I got a joke: no success, and there is a dizziness. To speak seriously, three years ago in the Cardiology Center Academician Chazov made me a complex operation: the valve was replaced on the aorta of the heart and put the shunt on the coronary artery. Imagine, in my years and such an invasion of the body! On the eve of the operation, I reflected a lot, but still agreed. It was risk and on my part, and by the hospital. I assured me that the operation was made by the famous cardiac surgeon academician Renat Acurd. However, everything went well, the body could have resistant, which caused surprise even among doctors, who saw any in their restless work.

After the operation of any person, the psychological state is special. Yes, the body has stood, I moved my life in memory, I was looking for confirmation with a successful outcome of the operation and still stopped on the lifestyle. And then in my thoughts I was and now I can definitely say: my lifestyle was healthy, correct. And these are not some common, empty words, everything is very specific. I always found satisfaction in work, in dealing with people. There was a lot of work, while difficult - 12? 14 hours, often without days off. But in a burden in Siberia, that in Moscow - not a single day.

I will add such an ordinary one to this, Lostsky - did not drink, did not smoke. And I do not understand at all, why do people smoke, are fond of drinking? Habits? Bad habits, harmful. I was constantly attracted by movement, I loved walking on foot. When it was possible to refuse the car, the elevator - refused. I remember in Tomsk in the regional committee there were elevators, but on the fourth floor in their office I was usually raised on foot. I remember our young city of oil workers stray. Being in this city, I stayed at the Kedr Hotel. It was accepted after dinner with comrades, as they say, give circles around the hotel - good load in the fresh air before bedtime.

Skiing called all

- Siberia - Ski Edge. What is it for you, Siberian, meant?

- Oh, this is a special conversation. If on weekends I was in Tomsk, I had to spend half a day on skis. Around Tomsk - wonderful places for rest in winter and summer. We went on skis even when the temperature fell below twenty degrees. In the cedar or pine forest in this case, the absolute silence, the trees do not go dry, dry air, dry snow and even a sunny day - breathing easily, frost is almost not felt. Impressions enough for all week. In the suburbs with this case it turned out to be more difficult: humidity, most often raw snow, which sticks on skis, often rain or wet snow covers her eyes - this is not a skating ...

I and now warmly in the soul from the fact that we have written in the central newspapers, in fact the whole area was on skis, especially workers and student hostels, schools. Ski databases were built everywhere, evening lighting tracks, "Tea on the SkiNe" houses. Skis turned out to be a deficit. Then we opened our own ski production on the Togur Forest Industrial Combine, the benefit of the birch in the area is enough. In addition, skiing were brought from Karelia, the Kirov region. Skiing in the forest I met the children, and pensioners.

Tomsk in those years more than once became the winner of the All-Union Competition of the cities "Ski". We have seen, understood that mass skiing was a serious social phenomenon, a means of strengthening the health, prevention of diseases, cropting culture, healthy habits. Once, a professor of the Medical Institute, Alexander Lirman, came to the Obmah - Cardiologist I considered it necessary to express my opinion about the hobbies of Tomic skis. We collected staff staff to listen to a specialist. Alexander Vasilyevich said that he had dreamed of all his life that in winter people, and from all ages, were skiing, as this is the most effective means of health promotion. Without tablets and injections! The whole thing is, he explained that in nature in the emotional setting, in the fresh clean air in the complex under load, the entire body works - legs, hands, torso, head. The maximum effect is, of course, is possible with regular classes. But the infrequent ski rides do their kind business.

In the summer, usually played table tennis. After that, the spouse of Zinaida Ivanovna treated us with the guys with tea, the pies with dried apricots or prunes. Morning gymnastics all life was obligatory not only at home for me, but also on business trips - in cities and villages, in all conditions.

Olympians were among us

"But here I would like to move from personal sensations and impressions from physical culture activities to the state problem, moreover, in my opinion, large. I remember when we unwound a mass skiing, a few years later began to appear decent sports results, there were individually strong skiers - a different level of champions. I will give only one example, of course, very significant. The famous Russian skiing love Egorova was born and grew up in Seversk. Since childhood, there was skiing, studying at school, showed good sporty results, entered the Sport Faca of the Tomsk Pedagogical Institute. After that, with the participation of experienced Leningrad coaches, Lyuba achieved a phenomenal result: six gold medals won on two winter olympiads! To her, as an athlete, for the first time in our country, the title of "Hero of Russia" was awarded. Also, Olympic champion Natalia Baranova, who grew up in the northern village of Krivoshein, was also published from the element of mass skiing.

I love sports, especially his game species - football, hockey, watching them like a fan. I see the influx of foreign coaches, athletes in the Russian teams. What colossal funds are pumped into the pockets of foreigners from the budget of the country, republics, regions! At the same time, what a weak material base remains in children-youth sports schools, low salary of children's coaches. Talking on this topic is not the first year, but nothing changes. Without mass, without a serious approach to children's and youthful sports, there will be no high results in adult teams. How do they come from? I'm looking with anxiously in 2018, when the World Cup will take place in Russia. What are we going to go to him? Will the tragedy of Brazil who failed at his own World Championships? At the same time, a brilliant example was shown by Germany, who in recent years overshadowed all the football farm, made focus on children's and youthful sport, the upbringing of its frames, the material base of football and became a champion.

And if you are a pensioner name?

- Egor Kuzmich, we know you as a person of energetic, active in the leadership of the country for extensive areas of work. And suddenly everything stopped, you are a pensioner. How is the mood now, how to build life in free time?

- The question is not easy. The position of the pensioner, even more so retired with an active position, is a special state. It should not be cleaned here. It is not so easy to stop, and you do not need to stop. People with severe will find how to take released time than to fill the day. Washes begin to haand, swim through the waves of life - it is known than it ends ... I personally had no problem with this. I am such a pensioner that, believe me, the moments free during the day sometimes do not exude: public, party work, speeches on the part of the parthorization line, was a deputy, I wrote a lot, published articles in different newspapers, I get a lot of letters, calls ... I note that there are many enterprises Organizations where they have left them retire - welcome people. At the same time, there are institutions where the person who left them cannot come, because there is no pass. After all, what paradox, people, naturally, hurt.

I do not have to be offended in this regard. Excellent relations with the leaders of the Tomsk and Novosibirsk regions, where I once worked. The current Tomsk governor Sergei Zhvachkin, coming to Moscow, happens to me, talks about the affairs and plans of the region, something from his experience I advise, in a word, full-fledged business communication, which I really appreciate. I support the connection with the mayor of Novosibirsk Alexander Lokham - a very influential representative of the Communist Party of Russia, a respected head of the country's largest city.

Glitter and poverty of old men

- leaving enterprises, organizations, institutions for a well-deserved rest, millions of people carry out experienced experiences, professional skills, knowledge of specific technologies, effective work techniques. Among them are a lot of true craftsmen, talents. This invaluable clause of the folk skill by and large is not in demand, and if used, then from the case to occasion. I have repeatedly thought about it: what reserve remains overboard! More and more come to the conclusion that in the country it is necessary to form an opinion on the pensioners (especially about those who are not the need to act) as a social institution of advisers, consultants, assistants of managers. The relevance of this problem intensified in recent decades, when there are many leaders without profile education, special knowledge, educated, but young people do not have experience with people. This personnel is worth putting the shoulder.

With satisfaction he took the discussion of this issue in the press. In Izvestia, at the end of last year, an article was published "in the regions propose to create labor exchanges for pensioners." The newspaper even emphasized that many pensioners "in their activity and professionalism will easily make competition with young." It would be possible to add - not only by young, but also omnipresent managers who manage today in the same area, tomorrow - in another, the day after tomorrow - in the third. It became clear that this is most often superflow.

At the same time, I think, pensioners should be active, find their place in public work, useful things.

The average size of pensions, for example, in the Omsk region 10? 285 rubles, in Voronezh - 10? 037 rubles. It is very little ... It is difficult to live on such pensions. The older generation, which makes up the main mass of retirees, deserves the best focus, more attention from the state to which it has given its labor life. And the size of pensions must be proper.

You will think about it and you understand: Russia is the richest country in natural resources, it was not by chance in the West raised the question that the subsoil of Siberia should be an international heritage, and not only be in the hands of Russians. Indeed, the riches of colossal, and the labor people live in general, but poorly. Should we once cut out this prolonged knot! Let's hope that this will make a generation going.

And the fatherland was in danger

- Sorry with Gorbachev?

- Not. With Gorbachev, I stopped communicating back in 1990, when I was no longer part of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU and did not participate in the consideration of the issues of the party and the state. On his conscience, two of my letters lie - two appeals to him and to the leadership of the party. I wrote that "Party, Fatherland are in danger, I would say in extreme danger. The possible decay of our federation would be a shocking of a global scale, irreparable blow to socialism. " In letters, I demanded the convocation of an extraordinary Plenum of the Central Committee, which should be determined to determine the measures to strengthen the unity, the integrity of the Soviet state. Plenum was not. Gorbachev feared to collect members of the Central Committee. And at? The XXVIII party congress in the same year was almost completely updated the composition of the Politburo, and it lost its influence in society and the state. Now it is clear that Gorbachev had other plans. Since then, I repeat, there was no communication with him, no and can not.

- And with Yeltsin met?

- Not. I knew that Boris Yeltsin had a big energy. But, looking after it in Moscow to his work, actions, realized that this energy was not creation, but destruction, became his open, irreconcilable opponent. The consequences of this person's work for our people were severe, tragic. By the way, I still can not explain his act regarding me when Yeltsin ordered the Borodin managers to talk to me so that I wrote a statement about providing me with a personal pension. I refused to write a petition for Yeltsin.

When the brakes do not work

- Yegor Kuzmich, now you are retired, of course, there is time for thinking, reflections about the past, present and, of course, about the future of the country. What cares you, bothers?

- Does not give peace by social stratification, which in our country happened and continues. The gap between the income of the bunch of rich, super-rich and the mass of lost work, the impoverished people is simply monstrous. No need to call numbers - they are known. This is a dangerous thing, the path to the social explosion. How many years the question rises that there can be no equal tax on revenue taxes (13%) for everyone - and for the poor and for the rich, but the government does not notice this, nothing changes. Newspapers report on the multi-million income of oligarchs, other managers, including those who are heading state-owned enterprises that are in public posts, who are successful in the business of wives, indignant people. Sometimes you think: why do they need so much money, because, taking into account bank percentage, the amount increases, in all her life it is impossible to spend this money. Torn brakes - you can't tell any other way.

Do not count for indiscrimination, but I will give an article from the American newspaper, which in 1983, when I finished work in the Tomsk region and recalled me to the Central Committee, wrote: "Egor Ligachev's Central Committee appeared - Ascetic, Moscow came to Moscow from Siberia Suitcase. " Yes, it was. It was a characteristic feature of that time. Now is another time. Alas!

Fabric friends do not give

- Tell us about your family, who do you live with now? For any person, the family means a lot, and at your age, especially.

- I have a wonderful family. To deep regret, my unforgettable wife, faithful friend of Zinaida Ivanovna, was left of his life, a man of difficult fate. Her Father, Ivan Zinovievich, General, who served in the Siberian Military District, was repressed, shot in 1937 on a false denunciation. Subsequently, it was fully justified, rehabilitated. Such is the story. Zinaida Ivanovna was a communist, taught English at the Institute. I have a wonderful son Alexander, Communist, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor. His wife, Elena, Associate Professor, Teacher at University. We live together. I have a grandson Alexey, his wife Olga, the greatness of Egor. As they say, life live - not the field go. It so happened that after me, severe operations suffered the son and his wife.

Friends, loyal comrades, I did not acquire a feast, and in the process of work - both in Novosibirsk, and in Tomsk, and in Moscow.

"Thank you, Egor Kuzmich, for an interesting conversation, especially since at the very beginning of the conversation we agreed to adhere to the unusual conditions for you" Ligachev out policies. " True, in places in your reasoning policies broke out ...

- These are the fragments of great politics. No more.

Egor Ligachev: "We shot a deputy minister for a bribe of 1.5 thousand rubles!"

Anniversary I meet with satisfaction, "Comrade Ligachev said with the journalist. - Life was not in vain. I dedicated her to the ministry to the Soviet people, the conservation of it, multiplication. Please note that there were many difficult days in my life, but in a hurt - not one!

I began to ask questions to the jubilee, but he asked not to interrupt

his introductory word. Wrapped by a two-hour report on grand projects in which he was lucky to participate. Here are brief theses. The guy from the deaf Siberian village of Dubinkino without Blatova entered the Moscow Aviation Institute. Frequently received a higher education. Returned to Novosibirsk. At the beginning of the war, their plant produced 1 - 2 combat aircraft per day. At the end of the war - 18. So there was a victory over fascism. Then - a nationwide epic with the mastering of virgin to ensure the food security of the country. Then Ligachev built the famous Novosibirsk Academgorodok.

The chief emphasis in the report before me, the Jubilee did at the Tomsk period, which exactly coincided with the 18 years of the Brezhnevsky "stagnation". When Khrushchev overthrew, Egor Kuzmich had already worked in the CPSU Central Committee. And although Nikita Sergeich was not listed in Nikita, wrote a letter to the new Secretary General to send a job to any area of \u200b\u200bthe Union. Tomsk fell. From there Kuzmich takes back to Moscow Andropov. Although there were good options at Brezhnev. Ambassador to France, in Cuba. He refused. When the Politburo adopted a resolution to send Ligachev to Hungary, who would seem to appeal, he wrote Brezhnev again - Leave in Siberia! What caused the displeasure of Souslov and the joy of Gromyko. Gromyko believed that the ambassador is a job for diplomats, and not a syncient for partardists. Leonid Ilyich left Egor Kuzmich in Tomsk. Erect the West Siberian Oil and Gas Complex.

Ligachev told for a long time, they mastered the shock in the taiga and the marshes of the field, they drag oil pipelines, supplying the country with "black gold." The entire pathos of the report - there was no stagnation in risen. Won how many things were revealed! I thoroughly, and I thought about myself: people worked notably, and the result? "Tomskneft" latergone Khodorkovsky.

Rejecting categorically the word "stagnation", the builder of socialism recognized the problems. "Create a new civilization, socialist, preventive error, is an illusion. We seriously began to lag in scientific and technological progress from the West. The productivity of labor has decreased. We were criticized that the secretaries were sitting for 15 years. Other governors are now and for 20 years are sitting in areas. The story is repeated. At the same time, such negative phenomena as bribery began to be detected. I had a share of report to the Plenum of the Central Committee on the so-called corrupt officials. Large was the case. I had to take serious measures until the liberation of the first secretaries of the Commands and even one leader of the republic. And the court of the Minister of the Fisherman, the court sentenced to execution!

And big bribe?

One and a half thousand rubles. This is what era I worked. And now ask questions. "

Brezhnev cigarette

The country learned to the restructuring as the main fighter with drunkenness. So still do not drink?

There are rumors that I am from Kerzhakov, Old Believers, therefore I do not take wines, tobacco. Nothing like this. Father was a communist, mother - Orthodox. I am now categorically against drunkenness. Kohl was among the organizers of the anti-alcohol campaign, should follow the principle.

They say, even before the restructuring, the first secretary of the Tomsk Committee of the Party not only did not drink the first secretary of the Tomsk Committee of the Party, but also did not pour high guests from Moscow. Was such a sin?

The ministers visits for me were very important. I studied them. At the same time I solved the questions (laughs), I received something for the area. But never drank with them. Everyone knew this, the claims did not prevent. Leaving to Moscow with a bright head.

So no one and did not treat anyone?

When Kosygin arrived for the first time - put the bottle on the table. He looked at her: "Let's better, Egor Kuzmich, will eat your cucumbers." Cut the cucumber, sat down, rubbed. He did not respect alcohol. Kosygin first and fight against smoking in the USSR began. But then turned, because Leonid Ilyich smoked scary.

I was in Brezhnev dozens of times. At one meeting, he complained. "Listen, Egor, what they do to me, just mock! I want to smoke - do not give. Secretary-General! You say, why is the portrait on the table lies? Try, open it! " - "Leonid Ilyich, I'm not a smoker, I will not open." - "I would even wanted - I could not. It opens only every 40 - 50 minutes. What kind of technique reached! And I want to smoke. And you know what I'm doing? " Brezhnev pressed the call button. Entered the duty. "Dai Papiros!" - "You are not supposed to, Leonid Ilyich, the doctors were banned!" - "Then good bye. I will have another duty. " Whether the joke said, or seriously. Assistant brought.

Brezhnev left behind only a collection of expensive rifles! I was instructed to inspect his property with Chebricov. He was an avid hunter, here are state figures and gave guns. There was nothing more substantial at Leonid Ilyich. Like Stalin. It so happened that three months after Stalin's funeral, I visited Kuntseva. No one is building such cottages for a long time! Shield house one-storey. Flawed boots, chinel and uniforms of Generalissima, which he did not wear. He lived, worked, led the huge country, many committed mistakes and crimes, of course. And the inheritance did not leave the material. Son Vasily finished know how. Cooked. Svetlana rode the world. He came back in the USSR. And once he asked for a reception. Politburo instructed Ligachev to take it. I met Stalin's daughter very delicately. "I want to leave. In India, to her husband. " It was her fourth or fifth husband. "You are welcome! Anytime!" Allyluweva did not expect such a turn, it can be seen, counted on the scandal. And we agreed on the Politburo, let alone goes on the edge of light.

They together peak up: Ligachev, Gorbachev, Shevardnadze (from left to right). But the way has long been separated.

Boris, you're wrong!

Egor Kuzmich, did you pull up Yeltsin to Moscow?

Here is how it was. December 1982. Calls from the Hospital Andropov. "Egor Kuzmich, offering Yeltsin to take to Moscow. Do you know him?" - "Yes I know". I did frames. "Could you visit the Urals, look at him?" "Of course, Yuri Vladimirovich, I can." 5 days spent in Sverdlovsk. We went with him from morning to evening in enterprises, teams, cities. And wherever they appeared, there are questions right here: "Did you come to pick up Yeltsin? In no case, he needs it here! " All 5 days he was absolutely sober! Returned, I reported to Yuri Vladimirovich. But soon Andropov died. And only two years later, Yeltsin was taken to the Central Committee. Building construction. Although people usually came from the Urals immediately as secretaries of the Central Committee, they were injected into a politburo. My job. "Let's see again." I already knew the information.

What does drinks?

Abuses. He began to work. Take conversations to me - Yeltsin rages. Why he was humiliated, did not immediately secretar. Okay, I think it will rare, calm down. When Gorbachev offered to appoint it to the secretary, I supported. Soon, Yeltsin we put on Grishin instead to lead Moscow. There he began to straighten with decent people. I became clear what kind of man. The famous 19th party conference has come. All members of the Politburo performed. But only Ligachev spoke about Yeltsin.

The country was then sheltered by your winged phrase "Boris, you're not right!"

She had a fundamental continuation, what they do not remember: "Boris, you have energy, but your energy is not creative, but destructive!" Unfortunately, he was very active in destruction. But the fact is a fact, at some stage I actively supported it. Sincerely.

Have you won Yeltsin, Comrade Ligachev?!

My mistake. But when he led an active struggle against him, it turned out to be almost the singular. Gorbachev acted according to the famous rule "divide and conquer!". On the one hand, Yeltsin and Yakovlev, and on the other - Ligachev. Those innovators, and I am a conservative.

That's Union in Belovezhskaya Forest, They say, ruined on a drink.

Of course. It was necessary to arrest them in Belovezhskaya Forest.

Well, not arrested?

Even one and a half years before the defeat of the country, I was taken from the Politburo, the Supreme Council, other authorities.

How long have you seen Mikhail Sergeevich?

The last time in the mid-90s.

But at the beginning of the restructuring, the country was led by the country.

We walked a single column when the plans to restructure the USSR and began to implement them. I thought the basics of building must be saved. Gorbachevand his surroundings later decided that soviet system not subjected to reform and It must be destroyed.This is what our principal discrepancies.

China's experience showed that you can reform the system. He is already catching up by America itself.

I have a special attitude to China. In the 57th year, three months spent there. I met with Mao Zedong, Liu Schaoqi, Zhou Enlah, other leaders.

Something, Egor Kuzmich, who were then?

Secretary of the Novosibirsk Committee of the Party. Small post. But it happened, I had to go. Performed a special task.

While talking early.

Well, Egor Kuzmich, tell us! More than half a century passed! You are the only live participant of those events.

Not yet time. I've been there later. In Moscow, I regularly meet with Chinese comrades. Some groups come.

Learn the sad experience of the destruction of Soviet power. To prevent this one. I see, a lot takes into account from our past.

In any case, corrupt officials are shot so far.

And the Communist Party does not destroy.

Veteran and 90 years old are still in the saddle!

Comrade Ligachev, since you do not want Chinese old mystery, open at least who destroyed the USSR?

Prerequisites for decay created Gorbachev and his company. And the direct destruction of the Union was engaged in Yeltsin with the team.

Consciously or by misunderstanding?

- It was political rebirth. Many have become millionaires. Or their relatives themselves, that the same thing. The second reason - national separatism. Unfortunately, at the end we stopped fighting with him. And it ended with all the destruction, poverty, the death of millions.

And the strength of the West? Criminations of ingenious masons, goats of agents of the CIA?

I do not have the data that the West has played a decisive role in the destruction of the country, according to some. And I do not think so. The main reasons are internal. But not objective, but subjective, personal.

How did the wise cheekist Andropov did not see Gorbachev, brought to himself? And he sent you to Yeltsin too.

We don't really want to talk about those who have gone, sorry. When we realized that the case goes to an end, healthy forces were separated. And we did not have the experience of political struggle. Everyone was tied to an economic, economic life. Yes, there are my letters in the Politburo in two and a year and a half before the collapse of the USSR. For them, they were thrown from the country's leadership. I wrote that if it goes further, the Soviet Union will campaign for dozens of independent states, it will cause huge suffering, tormenting people. It will be a blow not only in the Soviet Union, but also throughout the world civilization.

And where the Almighty KGB watched, how did the collapse of the country allowed? Or, on the contrary, promoted?

KGB - auxiliary body. The leaders were Politburo, the Secretariat, the CPSU Central Committee. Therefore, it is necessary to take responsibility.

I have long decided not to sprinkle my head ashes, but to do everything possible so that the national authorities returned in the end, the union of equal sovereign republics, fraternal peoples occurred. I'm still in the ranks. Secretary of the Competition Council of the 15 former Union Republics. Member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Communist Party, member of the Moscow City Council.

What do you live on?

I get a deputy retirement, 20 thousand rubles. Feeders for books, articles in Russia for 20 years I give to the Communist Party Foundation. For the publication foreign fee I get myself. Very small earnings, but enough to live and work. The only real estate is this apartment. I do not regret that there are no foreign accounts, factories, oil towers, places. Although it could have had suggestions.

Unfortunately, the spouse of Zinaida Ivanovna left about 13 years ago. In the 30s, his father was shot in the rank of Lieutenant General. But never in the family did not curse Soviet power, the party, counted the error of concrete people, but not the system.

And I did not think a new family?

Not. After Zinaida with no relationship with anyone. I am a Monogamous. I live with my son. Alexander Communist, Dr. Science, Professor. Snow candidate science. There are grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Named Yegor, not asking Egor Kuzmich.

And then, the jubilee showed that there is still gunpowder in the powder. Tighted on the Swedish wall, twisted the pedals of the bike bar. Yes, so vigorously that I shouted: "Enough! Enough! " I volunteered to accompany me to the metro on Vorobyev Mountain. I refused, but Ligachev stated that this is his norm - an hour walk in the mountains every evening. I wanted to look at the neighbor Egor Kuzmich in the Tsekovo house Igor Kurtuch in the former apartment of Gorbachev. That he said a good word about the anniversary. Though a very rich man cool, the ligachev class hatred is not experiencing. Creative man, everything earned everything. Invites the neighbor to their concerts. But the steep house did not turn out. On the road.

For a farewell, I wished Ligachev for many years of life and expressed the hope that he confesses to the age of centenary, he was admitted to Mao Zedong in China. That slyly smiled.